Translated literally, Wing Chun means "beautiful springtime," or "radiant springtime." Wing Chun is also called "Wing Shun" or "Ving Tsun." According to the Wing Chun system, there are five ways of defeating the enemy: striking, leg techniques, joint locking, throwing and through weapons use. The system is based on human biomechanics rather than animal movements, using primarily straight line, fast, direct strikes and sophisticated simultaneous deflection and striking techniques, redirecting the force of an opponent rather than attempting to meet a possibly greater force directly. The way the art produces efficient fighters in a relatively short amount of time is by sticking to several core principles and by taking a very scientific approach to techniques. Much training time is spent cultivating "Contact Reflexes." The student practices guarding various zones about the body and deals generically with whatever happens to be contacted or touched in that zone. This allows for a minimum of technique for a maximum of application, and for the use of an automatic or subconscious response.